WHAT IS A HYDRAULIC RAM AND HOW DOES IT WORK?

A hydraulic ram is a cylinder with a movable rod that can move a mass, or an obstruction as so required. In principle, a hydraulic cylinder ram works by an external fluid being pumped into either side of a cylinder simultaneously, this creates a high pressure and low-pressure side within the cylinder depending on the load that it is trying to move.

HOW DOES A HYDRAULIC DEVICE WORK?

Hydraulic devices use fluid that is moved by an external pump driven by a power unit. Hydraulic devices are designed around the principle that liquids are always considered to be incompressible. This means that when a force is applied at one point, the liquid will transfer an equal force at another point.

Most common hydraulic devices work by using a hydraulic pump, a reservoir for fluid storge to the pump. Mechanical energy is converted to hydraulic energy, moving the liquid through a system. Valves are used to regulate the flow of the liquid and control the pressure of the device. A hydraulic cylinder then converts the hydraulic energy back into mechanical energy.

There are a variety of hydraulic devices, including hydraulic rams, but most will use these components in their operation.

HOW DO HYDRAULIC RAMS WORK?

Hydraulic rams consist of several components:

• Cylinder
• Piston
• Neck Gland
• Rod
• Cylinder Ports
• End Caps

The area between the piston and the gland (rod side) is called the Annular side, & the area between the piston & the end cap is called the Full-Bore side.

Pumping fluid into the cylinder port on the Annular side of the cylinder will result in the rod being retracted, giving you a closed centre. Reverse the flow into the opposite port on the Full-Bore side and the piston will then extend the rod out of the cylinder (open centres), at the same time pushing the oil from the Annular side (low pressure) back to tank.

What Makes Hydraulic Rams So Effective?

Hydraulic rams are incredibly effective at generating linear force and motion, thanks to the unique properties of hydraulic fluid. When fluid is pressurized, it becomes virtually incompressible, allowing it to transmit force evenly and efficiently.

This incompressibility is what makes hydraulic rams so powerful. By using a relatively small amount of fluid, a hydraulic ram can generate enormous forces, far greater than what could be achieved with mechanical systems of similar size.

Hydraulic rams are also highly precise and controllable. By adjusting the flow and pressure of the fluid, the speed and force of the ram can be finely tuned to meet the specific requirements of the application.

Real-World Applications of Hydraulic Rams

Hydraulic rams are used in a wide range of industries and applications, but some common examples include:

Excavators and bulldozers – These machines rely on hydraulic rams to operate their arms, buckets, and blades. This way, they can dig, lift, and move large amounts of earth and debris with ease.
Cranes – In cranes, hydraulic rams are integral to the boom and jib. Rams deliver the lifting power necessary to hoist and maneuver heavy loads at great heights.
Presses – Industrial presses depend on hydraulic rams to generate the immense force required to shape materials such as metal and plastic in manufacturing processes.
Aircraft – Hydraulic rams play a critical role in the operation of landing gear, flaps, and control surfaces. They ensure precise movements for safe takeoffs, landings, and in-flight adjustments.
Automotive – In vehicles, hydraulic rams are found in systems like brakes, steering, and suspension, providing the necessary power and control for smooth handling and a safe driving experience.